Non-indigenous species (NIS) invasions are a biological threat to the environment. There is a lack of knowledge of NIS relationships and effects on habitats. When a species is introduced, it is almost impossible to eradicate it. Biodiversity and biomass of natural communities should limit the establishment of NIS in a specific area. We conducted a research project in order to test the biotic resistance of native communities against NIS. Hard artificial substrates (PVC panels) following SERC protocol were used to sample fouling community in two different harbours. Two areas were sampled, a marina close to Leghorn’s harbour and a small marina along the southern coast (Tuscany, Italy). Three conditions were established to sample: control, in Leghorn, low impact area in Chioma, and transplant were the panels moved from Chioma to Leghorn. Results showed some degree of biotic resistance, and the average number of NIS was higher in Leghorn as expected. For an extensive answer, a more in-depth project is needed.
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